vz`naUJW;@t*FXPtskh!0ik4[C) g_ 1ufQ lU{rCES"IB=%e*-0cyCiG! *+EJ.Al`.V!E5lS'gFG;)IL8e[_0>Z[MO`ERbw5lHgD[j' }w> 5P^7#$} Zu hYB&VfH; Zg8'h %PDF-1.5 I am glad to have a chance to do so. A Notes for the Teacher page provides a brief context. At last I was granted permission to endobj Nez Perce, Joseph of the. I want to have time to look for my children and see how many of them I can find. Primary Source Images: American Empire, 93. The speech was translated and published in the April 1879 issue of It makes my heart sick when I remember all the good words and all the broken promises. Although he had deplored war, Joseph cast his lot with the war leaders. This encourages insightful responses from this canonized work. Civil Rights and Conflict in the United States: Selected Speeches. Good words do not last long unless they amount to something. endobj The Nez Perc forded the river and continued toward the Idaho reservation. What is historically significant about this 1879 speech by Chief Joseph? There has been too much talking by men who had no right to talk. This is a very well written TA, good job! 6 cloze sheets interactively present the full text of selected statements and speeches by Chief Joseph. They will then. 1879 Speech to Congress: Chief Joseph Flashcards Ewan Tanner 7 July 2022 6 test answers Unlock all answers in this set Unlock answers 6 question Why did the "What was Chief Joseph speech of 1877 about?" Primary Source: Barry Goldwater, Republican Nomination Acceptance Speech (1964), 198. Another great point you made and I absolutely agree with is the fact that this shows us a lot about history, and how whites lied, and manipulated the Indians and brutally stole their land. Learn. Primary Source: Joseph McCarthy on Communism (1950), 181. 1 0 obj cz~Cm(e-[P4CZ;v;GmlT[xm0WeL[#8,aO4 ZE^Di%_v Bylpm|k%36,o:jnlmlmc5sjMQ/pnDcM0g}T}i.eMe?-t^3t_!]amL#9MN?a=WK5QQ/D aKTm&x!'/oLc. Hear me, my chiefs. What is their importance? He surrendered with the understanding that he would be able to return to his homeland. 16 0 obj WebIn 1879, Chief Joseph was invited to Washington D.C. Academic.Tips. Such a government has something wrong about it. 11 0 obj After he had grown, Joseph remembered enjoying his experience as a student of Mrs. Spalding. Quizzes with auto-grading, and real-time student data. Primary Source: Richard Nixon on the American Standard of Living (1959), 190. He was trying to set straight the way that things occurred, in order to convince the white man that the land belonged to his people and they were free. You might as well expect all rivers to run backward as that any man who was born a free man should be contented penned up and denied liberty to go where he pleases. Let me be a free man, free to travel, free to stop, free to work, free to trade where I choose, free to choose my own teachers, free to follow the religion of my fathers, free to talk, think and act for myself and I will obey every law or submit to the penalty. When Joseph was a child, the population of his band numbered in the hundreds. This primary source analysis includes comprehension questions and critical thinking questions related directly to the document.Feel free to view the preview for a breakdo. I am glad I came [to Washington D.C.]. This document is significant because it allows us to understand the way that tribes like the Nez Perces were treated by early settlers in America and the feelings that they had toward them. He has received three Pulitzer Prizes for editorial Primary Source: William T. Hornady on the Extermination of the American Bison (1889), 30. He was given the name Hin-mah-too-yah-lat-kekt, or Thunder Rolling Down the Mountain. His people knew him as In-mut-too-yah-lat-lat, Thunder coming up over the land from the water. His father, Tuekakas, also known as Old Joseph, was a Cayuse-Umatilla-Nez Perc; his mother was a Nez Perc woman by the name of Khap-khap-on-imi, or Strong leader of women. The Surrender of Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce, Montana Territory, October 5, 1877 Chief Joseph's Own Story. 2022. You have analysed the article very clearly and precisely. Primary Source: Bill Clinton on Free Trade and Financial Deregulation (1993-2000), 243. Primary Source: Lester Hunter, Id Rather Not Be on Relief (1938), 143. Primary Source Images: The Progressive Era, 76. Group Projects, Speech ANALYSIS, Original Speeches, Reader Responses, Writing Responses allow students to work with historical documents and create a graphic organizer is amazing! Web. A rearguard of warriors encountered parties of Yellowstone tourists, killed two of them, and burned a ranch, adding to the charges leveled against the Nez Perc for not moving peaceably onto the reservation back in Idaho. If an Indian breaks the law, punish him by the law. keyword searches2. In his 1877 speech, Chief Joseph let the US Army know that the Nez Perce tribe would not fight anymore and leave for the planned reservations outside the East Coast as the Native American population was tired of violence. Primary Source Images: Capital and Labor, 39. <> Primary Source: Statement by John Kerry of Vietnam Veterans Against the War (1971), 215. Joseph had six brothers and sisters. 21 0 obj Our chiefs are killed; Looking Glass is dead, Too-hul-hul-sote is dead. Good words do not give me back my children. Speech to a White Audience, Chief Jospeh, 1879. Assignment: Black Panther Party Platform, 195. WebTwo Statements by Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce (1877 and 1879) The lands of the Nez Perce stretched from Oregon to Idaho, but after the Gold Rush, in the 1860s, the federal government seized millions of acres of their lands, crowding them <> (2022) 'What was Chief Joseph speech of 1877 about'. They are all brothers. He made the following report. By the time Joseph surrendered, more than 200 Nez Perc had died. Lit2Go Edition. I hope no more groans of wounded men and women will ever go to the ear of the Great Spirit Chief above, and that all people may be one people. q$D\j6-k-a3=jEHncg*gzT2X5o=jo;,53# `Lo&*P3"F#S:$;&{;4=QH?Yd@YEmJhKP[Cq}Y8vNa;RdeT"%G2&./Eae,}l+=efuni5*VXxu)oO u y{j[%t*R 5.BI!||i2C \dHqH Retrieved May 01, 2023, from https://etc.usf.edu/lit2go/185/civil-rights-and-conflict-in-the-united-states-selected-speeches/4856/the-surrender-of-chief-joseph-of-the-nez-perce-montana-territory-october-5-1877-chief-josephs-own-story/. Primary Source: General Reynolds Describes Lawlessness in Texas (1868), 16. Owing to the casualties inflicted upon the troops, the U.S. Army was not able to pursue the Nez Perc immediately. In-mut-too-yah-lat-lat has spoken for his people. Photo: National Geographic. The African American Struggle for Civil Rights, 171. using quotation marks with copied textc. 2 0 obj Early career WebIn a speech given in 1879, quoted in Native American Testimony: A Chronicle of Indian White Relations from Prophecy to the Present, 14921992, edited by Peter Nabokov, Chief Lit2Go Edition. 2 0 obj It is cold and we have no blankets. I think that this TA was extremely well written. endobj Chief Joseph belonged to a Native American nation who identified themselves as Nee-Me-Poo, The People. He was a member of the Wallamotkin, or Wallowa Band of the Nez Perc. 9 0 obj WebSpirit Chief. Words! I found this article to be very sad but found the Chief's words to be very profound. I am glad I came [to Washington D.C.]. The accuracy of that transcription is in doubt; for one thing, Joseph did not speak English and whatever he said had to be translated. But Joseph later specified that he did say words which amounted to, From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more (Joseph). What were Chief Josephs last words? Hear me, my chiefs! I am tired. Pre-reading research on the Nez Perce war and Chief Joseph with skills in: a. citing a source b. using quotation marks with copied text c. using explanation to explain significance of text d. keyword searches2. <> He made the following report. stream Josephs people crossed the Snake River, which was high with spring rains. They understood their plight and decided to head north out of the area. They do not pay for my country now overrun by white men. He made a great point when he said that they had at first welcomed the white men, and now they are basically forcing them to give up the land that they allowed the white men to settle on. WebChief Joseph's Letter To My Father Case Study 1634 Words7 Pages I said in my heart that, rather than have war, I would give up my country. 5 0 obj 1. You might as well expect the rivers to run backward as x$@r5?l)QPL8 8T-@h|0vz86MN~{y5mkn]^&W\'W? Army forces, however, launched a surprise attack near Clearwater and captured the group. I feel that you have done a great job on analyzing the text. With no bluecoats in sight and suffering from exposure, hunger, and exhaustion, they prepared for the final push into Canada. 18 0 obj Match. Dramatic reading of Chief Joseph's "Account of His Trip to Washington, D.C." (1879) by Q'Orianka Kilcher. Primary Source: Frederick Jackson Turner, Significance of the Frontier in American History (1893), 35. 26 0 obj With 200 men, he arrived and prepared a surprise attack, which commenced on June 17. Good words will not make good the promise of your war chief, General Miles. The Impact of Expansion on Chinese Immigrants and Hispanic Citizens, 26. The cavalry, however, suffered 34 deaths. Primary Source: The Omaha Platform of the Peoples Party (1892), 66. However, the government soon overturned itself. Joseph spent the next several years pleading his people's case, even meeting with President Rutherford Hayes in 1879. Primary Source: Walter Rauschenbusch, Christianity and the Social Crisis (1907), 81. This a short activity designed to further introduce the ideas of diction to your crew :) It asks the students to look at two surrender speeches from Chief Joseph and Black Hawk. In-mut-too-yah-lat-lat, better known to us as Chief Joseph, was arguing for the freedom of his people. Primary Source: Woodrow Wilson on the New Freedom (1912), 82. Through the 1863 Lapwai Treaty, often called the Thieves Treaty, the U.S. government acquired approximately six million acres of Nez Perc treaty land. Primary Source: Nixon Announcement of China Visit (1971), 216. Assignment: Salt of the Earth Movie Review, 176. <> Determined to capture the renegade Indian bands, Howard sent word to army commands ahead of the Indians and order them to intercept the fugitives, while continuing his pursuit. This document explores Chief Joseph's Lincoln Hall Speech and challenges students to use creativity to explore the conflict from various points of view. What is the backstory of Portinari Altarpiece? "What was Chief Joseph speech of 1877 about?" Video: Ford, Carter, and the Economic Malaise, 212. Cheif Josephs Speech. I cannot understand why so many chiefs are allowed to talk so many different ways, and promise so many different things. The purpose of Academic.Tips website is to provide expert answers to common questions and other study-related requests or inquiries from students. The earth is the mother of all people, and all people should have equal rights upon it. He addresses his audience saying that, I did not want to come Primary Source: Nazi Party Platform (1920), 157. Our chiefs are killed. However, Joseph was a man of peace and acquired a reputation for his wisdom. 3 0 obj The following is a transcript of Chief Josephs surrender, as recorded by Lieutenant Wood, Twenty-first Infantry, acting aide-de-camp and acting adjutant-general to General Oliver O. Howard, in 1877. TPT empowers educators to teach at their best. Volume I (Washington: Government Printing Office 1877), 630; Joseph, An Indians View of Indian Affairs, The North American Review. He presented the following (report) on Martin Crosbie on LinkedIn: The VP in Asia: Dropping by a classroom in Dujiangyan Chief Joseph argues that Lawyer had no authority to sell his land because it belonged to the people. Primary Source: James D. Phelan, Why the Chinese Should Be Excluded (1901), 97. Treat all men alike. Primary Source: Souls of Black Folk (1903), 20. General Howard continued his pursuit and almost cornered the Nez Perc, but a party of warriors led by Ollokot, Looking Glass and Toohoolhoolzote, held them off and ran off the armys mule herd, temporarily immobilizing them. During a final devastating five-day battle in freezing weather conditions with no food or blankets, the Nez Perc warriors valiantly held off the U.S. troops just long enough to support the evacuation of some of their people to escape into Canada. Martin Luther King's Montgomery Boycott Speech - using persuasive appeals, repetition, and parallelism)2. 24 0 obj <> Greed, betrayal, and the foundations of war <> If you tie a horse to a stake, do you expect he will grow fat? Primary Source: White Man's Burden (1899), 96. Primary Source: Statements from The Parents Music Resource Center (1985), 233. The most important message that Chief Joseph sent with his 1877 speech was that he did not want to maintain the loop of violence and fight against other people when a peaceful decision could prevent the majority of violence and human victims. Primary Source: Alan Seeger on World War I (1914; 1916), 110. Primary Source: Eisenhower's Farewell (1961), 197. Copyright 20062023 by the Florida Center for Instructional Technology, College of Education, University of South Florida. 5z;*bc{Tph&`{.w[Dm#p~U aUiT*|,kOymV'v1GaisXN\2BrCyY"bP(H8H~Uj!MhPUx>zFN6K9Ve/tV89La b*;y2"}y2SA-3vMnjU*LEc:1;td)esHs,g?)TlugF9QMDyVl4[/U Lds5 Lh l`HFC eGxx Too-hul-hul-sote is dead. The video is about 7 min long. Along with other non-treaty chiefs, including Looking Glass, White Bird, Tuhulhulzote, and Hahtalekin, they controlled about 200 warriors. Joseph organized the surviving women, children, and elderly men while the warriors regrouped under Hototo, who had friends among the Crow in Montana and Wyoming. Primary Source: The Black Panther Party Platform (1966), 202. Turner, Mahan, and the Roots of Empire, 85. bT 'i5 Chief Joseph Surrender Speech Analysis and Writing Activity, Digital Distance Learning & PrintSpeech Analysis, Social Studies Speeches, American History Speeches, English Speech Analysis This would be great for your English or Social Studies Classroom. 9.2: Primary Source- Chief Joseph on Indian Affairs (1877, 1879) is shared under a not declared license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. Even as the combined bands of non-treaty Nez Perc led by Joseph made their way to the Lapwai Indian reservation in Idaho, they were attacked by Howards troops. XKhc0-A.f~3B3pD,`?V26y2i(Q~E8cxTE2Yu/Y[J\-hH i{8r1_c{l}*y[[oY9?pg+kuBX[1\"Nwk\H)-O/EHs7zox{Q'x:D42[\WHx"i!2A The little children are freezing to death. Primary Source: Andrew Carnegie on The Triumph of America (1885), 50. They arrived at Tolo Lake and rested. WebOn January 14, 1879, Chief Joseph, leader of the Nez Perc nation of the Northwest, addressed Congress to explain why his people had declared war on U.S. troops in 1877. Primary Source Images: Conquering the West, 27. New Voices for Women and African Americans, 75. If the white man wants to live in peace with the Indian he can live in peace. Check it out!SUMMARY:"I Will Fight No More Forever" is the, Primary Source Readings for Anecdotal note taking and debate about how the Americans treated Native Americans along with speeches from Chief Joseph and Native American leaders. endobj This encourages insightful responses from this canonized work. The Nez Perces were a very patient and courageous people who tried to avoid bloodshed and maintain the land of their ancestors. Near the creek, in a warm, dry cave, Joseph was born in 1840. Primary Source Images: The Unraveling, 213. You might as well expect all rivers to run backward as that any man who was born a free man should be contented penned up and denied liberty to go where he pleases. Too many misinterpretations have been made; too many misunderstandings have come up between the white men and the Indians. Pre-made digital activities. endobj He made the following report. I stream Sojourner Truth's "Ain't I A Woman" speech for Black women's rights and equality - includes an EdPuzzle video with the speech and analysis of the written persuasion.3. I am tired of fighting. Words do not pay for my dead people. %3c`\q4@KvOvem@WQCP.n}BG@Z/Q B[9*Ic"ondZ24PcEtg3,Cz Maybe I shall find them among the dead. endobj Josephs father died in 1871, and the people elected Joseph to succeed his father. In 1879, Chief Joseph was invited to Washington D.C. A detailed answer key is included. <> If the white man wants to live in peace with the Indian he can live in peace. 20 0 obj Then the Great Spirit Chief who rules above will smile upon this land and send rain to wash out the bloody spots made by brothers hands upon the face of the earth. <> This approach increases student comprehension, retention, and vocabulary and provides a strong foundation for discussio, This one-page article incorporates interesting facts of the U.S. in describing the story of the Nez Perce and their courageous leader Chief Joseph. I have asked some of the Great White Chiefs where they get their authority to say to the Indian that he shall stay in one place, while he sees white men going where they please. Primary Source Videos: Propaganda Cartoons, 161. i5"d=H47w\a!y6#q5oZUloyyyBHmXf:(\0_-a93&r_{k7hL>F@ mWVy`"8$m] 27 0 obj I find it very interesting to hear Chief Josephs account of the Lewis and Clark expedition within this article which shows how friendly they were with the Indians in their travels. "Follow the Rabbit Proof Fence" - a short story about Aboriginal children in Australia (called, Are you trying harder to amplify Native voices in your classroom? Primary Source: Henry Adams, The Education of Henry Adams (1918), 54. Primary Source: First Inaugural Address of Ronald Reagan (1981), 230. The audience of the speech were the members of the Nez Perce tribe and the members of the US Army. Test. We cannot hold our own with the white men as we are. Primary Source: Chief Joseph on Indian Affairs (1877, 1879), 28. Web. It is a detailed description of the conflict between the non-native settlers and the Native Americans. Views 559. LHk IRY7sv?C7+B^zic3c N{kE4#@A;{"A5oAa`[R0]1Oj~V4R6MR"zP%! In 1879, Chief Joseph was invited to Washington D.C. Download. Students will enhance their understanding of the plight of the Nez Perce, their flight to Canada, and their capture at Bear Paw. When I think of our condition, my heart is heavy. The Walla-Walla Treaty. They do not pay for my country now overrun by white men. I am tired of fighting. 1 0 obj Change Reflected in Thought and Writing, 48. Good words will not give my people a home where they can live in peace and take care of themselves. What he told me before, I have it in my heart. Volume I (Washington: Government Printing Office 1877), 630; Joseph, An Indians View of Indian Affairs, The North American Review. A branch of the Nez Perc tribe, from the Pacific Northwest, refused to be moved to a reservation and attempted to flee to Canada but were pursued by the U.S. Cavalry, attacked, and forced to return. There has been too much talking by men who had no right to talk. Chief Joseph and other leaders attempted to restrain those seeking revenge on civilian targets, but three ranches were raided for horses and five white ranchers, as well as another five civilian freight-teamsters were killed en route. Primary Source: Woody Guthrie, This Land (1940-1945), 183. Explain the concept of bonds payable. This "Surrender" Guide will allow your students to dig deep and analyze the famous and inspiring speech by Chief Joseph. It makes my heart sick when I remember all the good words and all the broken promises. Looking Glass is dead. What are informal powers of the president? stream WebChief Joseph Speaks (1877-1879) Selected statements and speeches by the Nez Perc leader. The tiny band of warriors and their families were wounded, cold and starving when Chief Joseph surrendered. Includes information about the Nez Perce, the Lapwai Treaty, his attempt to flee to Canada, and his speech after being captured. If a white man breaks the law, punish him also. Primary Source: Warren G. Harding and the Return to Normalcy (1920), 124. Reared as a traditional Nez Perc child, Hinmahtoo-yahlatkekht (young Joseph) and his brothers and sisters flourished in their father's village, In-nan-toe-e-in. Courtesy of Cornell University's Making of America. Primary Source: George W. Bush on the Post-9/11 World (2002), 245. Primary Source: National Organization for Women, Statement of Purpose (1966), 201. He also made a clear logic to defend his society by saying that they befriended the first white settlers, and even traded with them.They never broke their promises to the white people. The reading is enhanced by two comprehension activities: sequence events from the story and read a map in order to answer questions. I am tired of talk that comes to nothing. I am tired of talk that comes to nothing. He surrendered himself, 86 other men, 184 women, and 147 children, with a pledge from U.S. officials that his people could spend the winter on Tongue River and return to Idaho in the spring to live on their reservation in peace. A TOPIC SENTENCE TELLS THE READER WHAT YOU ARE GOING TO BE DISCUSSING IN THAT PARAGR, Chief Joseph Surrender Speech Analysis & Writing Activity, Western Frontier BUNDLE (American History Bundle), Chief Joseph's "I Will Fight No More Forever " Speech, Assessment, & Answer Key, Chief Joseph Surrender Speech Intensive Reading Activity, Nez Perce Flight: Chief Joseph's "I Will Fight No More Forever" Speech & Map, Primary Sources: Chief Joseph's Speech to a White Audience (1879), Native American Speeches: Chief Joseph, Selections, 1874-1979 (Full-Text Cloze), Native American Chief Joseph: Speech and Comprehension Unit for Grades 46, Chief Joseph Reading Passages Leveled Texts, Washington State History: When Chief Joseph Came to Seattle Mossback Video Guide, Washington State Territory Life (1850-1883) Supplemental Resource Bungle WA, Joseph Speech to Congress Reading Analysis- SOAP, Raft Activity: Conflict During Westward Expansion, Words Do Not Pay - research on Nez Perce, rhetoric analysis (w/ EASEL) - w/KEY, Chief Joseph's "I WILL FIGHT NO MORE FOREVER" [ BUNDLE], "I WILL FIGHT NO MORE FOREVER" [LESSON ACTIVITIES], Rhetorical Appeals in I Will Fight No More Forever by Chief Joseph, 5 Civil Rights and Persuasion Lessons and 1 Project - Teacher KEYS included, Indigenous Voices Bundle - Native American Heritage Month - First Nations, Diction (LEAD): Surrender Speeches Activity, Diction (LEAD): Surrender Speeches Full Text, Wit & Wisdom- Grade 5- Module 1- Lesson 23-End Of Module Preparation (Day 1). This product is a lesson for 8th or 10th grade social studies or English in which students intensively read the surrender speech made by Chief Joseph of the Nez Perc and respond to it both orally and in writing citing text evidence. However, the more Spalding tried to mold the Nez Perc into the white mans image, the more they resisted. [ 20 0 R] Need a paper written? I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. The Nez Perc outmaneuvered and frustrated the efforts of General Howard to capture them. Academic.Tips, 31 May 2022, academic.tips/question/what-was-chief-joseph-speech-of-1877-about/. I see men of my own race treated as outlaws and driven from country to country, or shot down like animals. I am glad I came [to Washington D.C.]. May 31, 2022. https://academic.tips/question/what-was-chief-joseph-speech-of-1877-about/. %PDF-1.5 They fought with a highly honed and almost precise military skill, using advance and rear guards, skirmish lines, and field defenses." Once in Crow country, the Nez Percs' hopes of living among their buffalo-hunting friends were shattered when the Crow denied help, fearing the U.S. Army would turn against them as well. Many Nez Perc stayed away and few converted to Christianity, owing to the Spaldings parochial viewpoint and failure to understand Nez Perc customs and religion. 3 0 obj Whenever the white man treats the Indian as they treat each other then we shall have no more wars. I have asked some of the Great White Chiefs where they get their authority to say to the Indian that he shall stay in one place, while he sees white men going where they please. From where the sun now stands, I will fight no more forever. This encourages insightful responses and in-depth critical thinking opportunities from this canonized work. My people, some of them, have run away to the hills, and have no blankets, no food; no one knows where they areperhaps freezing to death. Joseph continued to argue for peace, and at a war council called by the Sioux in 1874, he refused to take part in raids on white settlers. endobj Thinking that the Crow Tribe would give them aid, the survivors crossed Horse Prairie and Bannock Pass and reentered Idaho, turning east toward Yellowstone National Park. Web6.2: Primary Source- Chief Joseph on Indian Affairs (1877, 1879) A branch of the Nez Perc tribe, from the Pacific Northwest, refused to be moved to a reservation and attempted to flee to Canada but were pursued by the U.S. Cavalry, attacked, and forced to return. The article reflects how white people used Indians to expand their land and achieve prosperity. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. I have heard talk and talk but nothing is done. Primary Source: Franklin Roosevelts Re-Nomination Acceptance Speech (1936), 147. Pre-reading research on the Nez Perce war and Chief Joseph with skills in:a. citing a sourceb. The Key Political Issues: Patronage, Tariffs, and Gold, 63. Winter had come, and the Nez Perc were suffering from freezing weather, lack of food, endobj WebThis subject that Chief Joseph was getting to was that the white settlers should not have done what they have done. :e"0 W'1-# %4o46aJAJDI endobj The 1855 Walla-Walla Treaty called for the Nez Perc to sell a great deal of their lands to the government. endobj I find this account of what Chief Joseph and his people went through to be very sad. The Nez Perc nation and the whites knew each other well by the time Joseph was born. WebBeing a charismatic leader Joseph travelled to Washington D.C. to plead his people case to President Rutherford B.Hayes. endstream This activity packet will have them answers questions about the style and effectiveness of the speech. He does not feel as though they are being treated equally. A RAFT activity (Role, Audience, Format, Topic) allows students the opportunity to place themselves into historical context by personifying a character from Westward Expansion and creating their choice of document to reflect the issues of the time period. 17 0 obj 1097, Nicosia, Cyprus. Hear me, my chiefs. It is the young men who say yes or no. They ascended Pelican Creek, headed on to the Lamar River, and eventually threaded the Absaroka Range to Clark Fork River and on to the Yellowstone itself a difficult trek. WRITE THE TOPIC SENTENCES FOR EACH BOX. Sources: Report of the Secretary Of War, Being Part Of The Message And Documents Communicated To The Two Houses Of Congress, Beginning Of The Second Session Of The Forty-Fifth Congress.
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