Click here to contact our editorial staff, and click here to report an error. Amend. Withdrawal of petition: May be withdrawn no later than 120 days before the next general election if no less than two-thirds of the petition sponsors file such a request in writing with the secretary of state (SDCL 2-1-2.3). States with geographic requirements that use entities that are unequal in population, such as counties or even state legislative districts, are more likely to have the requirement challenged in court. (Note: This provision was found unconstitutional by a superior court judge, affirmed by the state supreme court in August 2020.) 34, 1, Const. 24. 5, 1; M.G.L.A. Reports of contributions received, and expenditures made must be filed at least seven days before any primary, special or general election (Wyo. c. the official candidate for a political party, running in the general elections 3, 17(1)). 19-123 and A.R.S. Art. After all reviews are complete, secretary of state sends the person who submitted the proposal a sample petition form (MCA 13-27-202). 22-24-401, Laws related to dedications of revenue, appropriations, local or special legislation or laws necessary for the immediate preservation of the public peace, health or safety. 12; 25). When does public opinion polling take place during a campaign? Art. They exist in a variety of forms. Where to file with: Secretary of state (Miss. The secretary of state is directed to prescribe a form for this process (MCA 13-27-301(3)). 116.160; 116.180; 115.245; 116.210; 116.220). XLVII, Pt. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (M.C.L.A. If legislature amends, it does not go into effect until the original is rejected by the voters (OH Const. Art. All of the chief petitioners must sign the form to withdraw. General election, and signatures must be verified no later than Feb. 1 of the year of the general election. 3, 24). Petition title and summary creation: Secretary of state (Wyo. Who creates petitions: Petitioners, approved by secretary of state and attorney general (I.C. 19, 2; N.R.S. Art. 19, 2), Who can sign the petition: Registered voters (N.R.S. CONST. 1-40-111), Nebraska (Neb. Art. Amend. 33. There is a principal circulator whose information is publicly available upon request. 6, Gen. 32-1411. 9. Petition title and summary creation: Sponsors draft title (Const. What was the question in the 1999 referendum? 116.110) to the simple crossing out of ones name in Idaho (I.C. II, 1c and ORC 3519.21). 101.161). The title may be different from the legislative title, but in all cases the legislative title shall be sufficient (Const. IV, 1). Electronic reports of contributions and expenditures must be filed according to a schedule specified in ORS 260.057. Any contribution of $500 or more in last 13 days to be reported within 24 hours. 3519.15; 3519.16). Next succeeding election at which the question may be voted upon by the voters of the entire state. d. at least 60 percent of all votes cast, plus a percentage of absentee ballots. XLVII, Pt. Must file monthly financial reports with Ethics Commission (A.C.A. The requirements for an election with statewide ballot measures vary greatly by state. Vote requirement for passage: Majority (MCA 13-27-504). Amend. Art. Conflicting measures: If the governor believes that two approved laws, or parts laws, are entirely in conflict, they proclaim the measure to be law that has received the greatest number of affirmative votes (U.C.A. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes, and notarized (A.R.S. May include a fee (RCWA 29A.72.010; 43.07.120; 29A.72.020; 29A.72.040). IV, pt. Organizers file paperwork with the state that includes the proposed text of the initiative. Other subject restrictions: Measure provisions cannot be dependent upon meeting certain vote %age. The parties take a list of issues and concerns and frames the election around the platform. c. plurality system Art. Const. This deadline pertains to when counties must submit petitions with verified signatures to the secretary of state. 1(3) and (7)). 3, 5). Verification: Secretary of the commonwealth is directed to establish "regulations designed to achieve and maintain accuracy, uniformity, and security" (MGL ch. 2, 10; N.R.S. 130.110; 130.120; 130.029; 130.046; 130.041, Nevada: N.R.S. In Nevada, a constitutional amendment needs only a majority but must be approved in two consecutive elections (N.R.S. Statutes for petition contents for each state are: Individuals who physically gather signatures are referred to as circulators. 2, 8. 100.371), Geographic distribution: Signatures in each of one-half of the 27 congressional districts of the state (F.S.A. Art. Petition title and summary creation: The title of the bill being referred is included on the petition (34 OS 1). The citizen initiative process enables citizens to bypass their state legislature by placing proposed statutes and, in some states, constitutional amendments on the ballot. What is the main difference between elections in a democracy and elections under an authoritarian. Stat. Art. Timeline for taking effect: 30th day after the election at which it was passed (Const. Art. Nebraska Const. In every state, a constitutional amendment requires a vote of approval. A separatist majority again holds sway in the Catalan parliament and, despite a more conciliatory tone from Madrid, the Spanish government and electorate remain vehemently opposed to a legal vote. U.C.A. 14, 11). Signatures must be submitted no later than 18 months after the petition form was furnished by the secretary of state, and each signature is only valid for one year. How long a citizen must reside in a state before becoming eligible to vote. First 10 signatures must be turned in by the first Wednesday of the September before the assembling of the general court . Anotherform of referendum or referral, the advisory referendum, is rarely used. Alaska prohibits payment in excess of $1 per signature. Art. 19, 3). What is on each petition: Petition must include a short title of 20 words or less, a summary and the text of the measure. Timeline for taking effect: The date of the governor's proclamation of the election results (IC 34-1813). c. the failure of Andrew Jackson to win the White House in 1824 III, 5(2)). 22-24-416). Ballot title and summary: Secretary of state drafts ballot language statements that fairly and accurately explain what a vote for and what a vote against the measure represent, approved by attorney general (Mo.Rev.Stat. Code 100). Code reviser issues certificate of review (RCWA 29A.72.020). 19-123 and A.R.S. 3, 18). Legislature reviews the measure as submitted to it by the proponents. Art. After chance for comment by all legislators, the legislative council prepares an impartial analysis with description, background information and likely effects (A.R.S. 7-9-111). 4, 2; Constitution 48, Init., Pt. Alaska: 1959Arizona: 1912Arkansas: 1920California: 1911Colorado: 1910Idaho: Constitutional provision adopted1912, laws specifying mechanics adopted 1933Maine: 1908Maryland: 1915Massachusetts: 1917Michigan: 1908Missouri: 1908Montana: 1906Nebraska: 1912Nevada: 1904New Mexico: 1911North Dakota: 1914Ohio: 1912Oklahoma: 1907Oregon: 1902South Dakota: 1898Utah: 1900Washington 1912Wyoming: 1968, Four states have no restrictions on what sorts of laws can be subjected to the popular referendum: Arkansas, Idaho, Maine and North Dakota. 11 5). Next state election, if 60 days intervene between the date when such petition is filed and the date for holding such state election; if that is less than 60 days, then the law must be submitted to the people at the next state election, unless it is repealed before then. Does the law in question take effect before the referendum vote: Not automatically, though the law can be suspended with a higher signature threshold and an earlier submission deadline25% of the total vote cast in the last election, including 25% of the votes cast in each of 3/4 of the counties, submitted no later than 90 days after the adjournment of the legislative session (Const. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Must file a statement of organization within 20 days of becoming a committee (Mo.Rev.Stat. 21. 4, Pt. XVI, 5(b)). 21 allow for initiated state statutes. Art. This database contains state legislation related to the administration of elections introduced in 2011 through this year. If the total signatures meet 90 to 100 % of the requirement, the clerk checks all of the signatures until 100 % is reached. II, 18). Prepared by attorney general, department of finance and the legislative analyst office. Art. Paid per signature: Circulators may not receive payment greater than $1 per signature (AS 15.45.340(b)). Ballot title and summary: Attorney general. Submission deadline for signatures: Not less than four months prior to the next general election (Const. The ballot must include a clear and concise statement as to the effect of a yes or no vote. Art. Art. The majority of PACs represent Art. In calendar quarters with an election, additional reports are due 10 days before the election and 15 days after the election (ARS 16-926 and -927). Art. 5, 5; M.G.L.A. Art. No. Circulator requirements: 18 years of age (NRS 295.0575). Legislature or other government official review: After certification for the ballot, the joint committee on legislative research holds a public hearing in Jefferson City to take public comments regarding the measure (V.A.M.S. How does a referendum give people more of a say in government? Application process information: Must file petition form draft that must contain an enacting clause and the full text of the measure no later than six months before election (V.A.M.S. From three-fourths of house districts of the state with signatures from each district equaling at least 7% of the total votes from preceding general election. . 116.060). For amendments, must be submitted for verification by the third Tuesday in June of the general election year. 1(6C) and (6D)). Colo. Const. Art. Public notice requirements are found in the following statutes. These are all then submitted to the secretary of state (SDCL 12-13-25.1; 12-13-26). Six months to turn in signatures once petitions have been titled and certified for circulation, and filed no later than three months and three weeks before the election and made by 3 p.m. on the day of filing. ', No statute found; used Referendum Measure 4 (2012 primary) as a reference, No statute found; used Issue 2 (Nov. 2011) as a reference, Ballot language reads as follows: Shall the following bill of the legislature be approved?, No statute found; used Measure 101 (Nov. 2018) as a reference, No statute found; used Referred Laws 19 and 20 (Nov. 2016) as reference. 48, Pt. 54, 53). Reports of contributions and expenditures must be filed no later than the eight day before the election, the 30th day after an election and the 15th day following the close of each calendar quarter. Const. Art. General assembly members opposing the amendment may prepare or designate others to prepare a brief argument against such amendment, submitted to attorney general (5 ILCS 20/2). Where to file with: Secretary of state ( 34-1804). In order to receive contributions or make expenditures in excess of $1,500 in a calendar year, groups must form a committee for political action and register with the secretary of state. Art. If passed by legislature, it is subject to the referendum (M.C.L.A. Geographic distribution: 15% of the total vote cast in the last election in at least of two-thirds of counties (Const. For direct initiatives, 8% of the number of active voters in the state on Jan. 1 immediately following the last regular general election. 19, 3; N.R.S. The Swiss experience with the devices of direct legislation was influential in the adoption of the initiative and the optional referendum in U.S. states and municipalities. Application process information: Any legal voter of the state may file with the secretary of state a legible copy of the part of such act on which a referendum is desired, an affidavit that the sponsor is a registered voter and a filing fee in an amount to be established by the secretary of state (RCW 29A.72.010). Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited. Submission deadline for signatures: No later than 5 p.m. 90 days after the final adjournment of the legislative session (Const. Art. For direct measures, four months from the election (RCWA 29A.72.030). Art. 295.056. Repeat measures: 5 years on any measure that is "substantially the same as that defeated by" the previous measure (W.S.1977 22-24-301). Art. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (34 Okl.St.Ann. d. increases the coattail effect during midterm elections, 28. 2, 3), Who creates petitions: Secretary of state (M.G.L.A. Art. Illinois: For accuracy and fairness, the attorney general may rewrite arguments for or against prepared by legislature. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Filed within one year of receiving notice that petitions are ready. 4, Pt. Other types of review might include recommendations on wording. Must report contributions received if more than$20 and all expenditures quarterly in off-election years, on the first Monday in May and every two weeks thereafter before the primary election, on the first day of each month beginning with the sixth full month before a major election, on the first Monday in September and on each Monday every two weeks thereafter before the major election, and 30 days after the major election. XVI, 2). Committees in support or opposition to a ballot measure are treated the same as political action committees. An emergency law shall remain in force notwithstanding such petition but shall stand repealed 30 days after having been rejected by a majority of the qualified electors voting thereon (Const. Art. Petitions must be submitted to counties for verification four weeks before this deadline (MCA 13-27-301). A veto referendum is a type of citizen-initiated ballot measure that asks voters whether to uphold or repeal a law passed by the state legislature, a city council, a county board of supervisors, or some other legislative body. Timeline for taking effect: An act rejected by referendum is void 30 days after certification. Ballot title appears on the petition (RCW 29A.72.120). Const. The law states that we can store cookies on your device if they are strictly necessary for the operation of this site. Allowed to pay another for their signature: Prohibited (Elec. Art. II, 1g; O.R.C. Circulator oaths or affidavits: Yes (Ark. Stat. III, 2; Bernbeck v. Gale, 59 F.Supp.3d 949 (2014); 829 F.3d 643, United States Court of Appeals, Eighth Circuit. Vote requirement for passage: Majority (Const. 47. Art. 2; 21 Okl.St.Ann. 24, 1). For direct constitutional amendments, it is nine months and three weeks. Not more than 24 months for collection with a deadline of four months before the election, and by 5 p.m. on the final day. Code 84202.3). Const. Rev. V, 3; 34 Okl.St.Ann. Which of the following is the best example of direct democracy in practice in the United States? Timeline for collecting signatures: Petitions are valid for one year (MS Const. Art. 19, 3) and summary statement drafted by proponents (NRS 295.009). Art. The president of the Senate and the speaker of the House of Representatives have authority to designate groups of members to prepare arguments for and against amendments to the Ohio Constitution proposed by the General Assembly, a person or persons to prepare an argument for any law, section, or item submitted to the electors by referendum petition, and a person or persons to prepare an argument against any constitutional amendment proposed by initiative petition. Const. b. at least 40 percent of all votes cast III, 3, Const. Majority to pass: Majority and at least 35 % of the total votes cast in the entire election (Ne.Rev.St. And attorney general reviews legality (MCA 13-27-202; 13-27-312; 13-27-402). 5 , 1; A.C.A. Const. Art. Art. Code Ann. Who creates petitions: The secretary of state creates the form and the petitions at the expense of the sponsors (W.S.1977 22-24-310; 22-24-311). Const. Code 23-17-37), Thirty-five percent in Nebraska (Ne.Rev.St. 2, 3, Michigan: M.C.L.A. Proponent financial disclosure requirements: Registration is required prior to making an expenditure for or against a ballot measure; group name must include the title or common name of the measure if the group intends to make more than 50% of its contributions or expenditures toward a single measure (AS 15.13.050).
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