Journal of the American Revolution also produces annual hardcover volumes, a branded book series, and the podcast, Dispatches. Roseman September 28. The British Army marched out with colours cased, and drums beating a British or a German march. Alex Collins On that date less than one thousand American and French artillerymen began bombarding the British lines, initiating an eight-day assault that directly resulted in the British surrender and which had the eventual consequence of American independence. You may want to start by searching for a person's Military Service Records and Pension and Bounty Land records. A total of 14,000 men were recruited, although none saw active service: they were disbanded after the war. In 1776 the available militia in Virginia is thought to have been about 45,000 men; HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. We feature smart, groundbreaking research and well-written narratives from expert writers. URL: http://olivetreegenealogy.com/ With the help of French engineers, American and French troops begin to dig a series of parallel trenches, which bring troops and artillery close enough to inflict damage on the British. Jno. Oct . Volunteers.It was taken while they were prisoners after the Washington orders troops to dig a second parallel 400 yards closer to the British lines. 19, 1781. Roster of Patriot Soldiers at the Battles of Ninety Six (1775 & 1781) Roster : Roster of South Carolina Patriots in the American Revolution by Bobby G. Moss Patriots : Patriots at Cowpens by Bobby G Moss Papers : see files in blue folders- copies of pension, etc Savannah : From Savannah to Yorktown by Henry Lumpkin Sick at F The first entry for a recruit in a muster book usually gives his age, place of enlistment and trade. redoubts) with artillery batteries and connecting trenches. Forty percent of the American rounds fired were from mortars and howitzers, accounting for nearly seventy percent of the weight of metal fired. [3] The seven companies are mentioned in the assignments for responsibility of ordnance in Regimental Orders, October 1, 1781, Orderly Book of the Second Regiment of Continental Artillery, MS2003.12, Special Collections, John D. Rockefeller Jr. Library, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation, Williamsburg, Virginia. Washington lauded the judicious and spirited management of [the artillery] in the parallels and Knox published his individual and collective thanks. Gen. Anthony Wayne to reinforce Lafayette with his 1,200 Pennsylvanians including about one hundred officers and men of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment. Private General Lord Cornwallis surrendering his sword and his army to General George Washington and the Continental and French armies after the final battle of the Revolutionary War on October 19, 1781 in Yorktown, Virginia. The 1st Maryland Regiment under William Smallwood was held in reserve. We'd like to use additional cookies to remember your settings and understand how you use our services. I was hoping to hear more about the 14th colony, of Vermont, as they were very much a part of, JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION 2018. September 21, 1781, GLC02437.01186, and A General Return of the American Artillery & Stores Appropriated thereto with the Army in Virginia Sept 22, 1781, GLC02437.01187, GLI; Revolutionary War Pension Application W9944 for William Madison, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, DC, Record Group 15, Records of the Veterans Administration, microfilm publication M804, Fold3.com website, accessed January 15, 2015 (location cited hereafter as RWPA). How it ended American victory. This last major land battle of the American Revolution led to negotiations for peace with the British and the signing of the Treaty of Paris in 1783. Great article about the Yorktown artillerymen . On October 18, 1781, the British army surrendered at Yorktown. Mar. Their daily rate of fire averaged 686 rounds varying from a low of about 240 to a high of over 1,600; American gunners hurled over one hundred tons of metal at the British during the bombardment. South Carolina | Jan 17, 1781. The Siege of Yorktown was the culminating act of the Yorktown campaign, a series of military operations occupying much of 1781 during the American Revolutionary War. Hence it was with a certain element of understatement that Knoxs thanks to his men asserted that the skill of his artillery had brought home to our enemies that the officers of the American Artillery have acquired a respectable portion of knowledge in the profession.[21]. The overall dates are 1756 to 1900, but for most regiments there are volumes for the first half of the 19th century only. Thus it was a reduced contingent of the 4th Continental Artillery that was available to Knox in September. 19, 1781 Proclaimed traitors to the US 1778. Muster Roll Search the online database of people who served at Valley Forge. To maintain stealth, soldiers do not to load or prime their weapons. Don't miss my book on the Loyalist Isaac Vollick (aka Van Valkenburg). This database is a collection of records kept by the National Archives listing men who fought for the colonies in the American Revolutionary War. In a last-ditch effort, Cornwallis orders a futile counterattack on October 15, which fails miserably. In the summer of 1780, 5,500 French troops, with Comte de Rochambeau at the helm, landed in Newport, Rhode Island to aid the Americans. [11], A detail of artillerymen was appointed each day to work during daylight hours in the artillery parks laboratory where ammunition was prepared for delivery to the batteries. $99.99 Add to Favorites . [1] Robert Selig, The March to Victory: Washington, Rochambeau, and the Yorktown Campaign of 1781, CMH Pub. Corp'l You will then need to scroll through the images until you find the correct image. 6x gr.grandfather and John ludwig married his daughter and It is all over. Records of some soldiers children may be found among the papers of the Duke of Yorks School and the Royal Hibernian School in WO 143, from 1801. Private Lamb arrived off Williamsburg in that river by September 25, found nearby Trebells Landing to be a suitable place to land the ordnance, and by October 1 had his guns and supplies ashore. The 10-Miler is both a Peninsula Track Club Grand Prix Event and Hampton Roads Super Grand Prix Event. John NARA M246. Discovery is a catalogue of archival records across the UK and beyond, from which you can search 32 million records. Muster Rolls, 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment, September 1781, found at fold3.com, accessed January 15, 2017. The French simultaneously assault redoubt #9 and, after an equally fierce firefight, wrest control from the British. Contact Us Tools. The first American gun was fired from the Grand American Battery late in the afternoon of October 9 followed by round-the-clock bombardment of British lines by American and French gunners. Gershom Mott was in hospital at Albany and Capt. It is so dramatic, in fact, that playwright and composer Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote his own version of the fictional tune to cap the Battle of Yorktown scene in his Broadway hit Hamilton. To trace a mans army career by way of the musters, you will have to know the name of his regiment. The books themselves are in alphabetical order of soldiers names. 1-86-NARA-NARA or 1-866-272-6272, National Archives Building in Washington, DC, National Archives at College Park, Maryland, Know Your Records: U.S. Navy Muster Rolls and Personnel Diaries, How to File a FOIA Request for Archival Records. Oct . Linda's Note: Every two days each pair of officers switched assignments between the batteries and the park. on the Internet. Thomas Lynch Montgomery, ed., Pennsylvania Archives, Fifth Series (Harrisburg: Harrisburg Publishing Company, 1906), 3:1021, records that among the wounded artillerymen was Henry Love of Pennsylvania who lost a leg during the siege. The two merged in 1856, as the Royal Engineers, Infantry regiments, which had been known by numbers (for example, 28th Foot), were to become known by a title, usually a county, Regiments from the 26th Foot onwards were paired together to form new regiments (for example, the 28th Foot and the 61st Foot became the Gloucester Regiment), Each new regiment was to have two battalions, as the first 25 Foot regiments already did, The lower number became the 1st battalion and the higher number became the 2nd battalion (thus, the 28th Foot and the 61st Foot became the 1st and 2nd Battalions respectively of the Gloucester Regiment), All infantry regiments were placed into numbered regimental districts. From 1888 onwards, the series contains only muster rolls, there are no longer any pay lists and by 1898 muster rolls were no longer kept by the War Office either. Updated: October 18, 2021 | Original: November 9, 2009. Rank Battle of Bunker Hill, June 17, 1775. is my 5x gr. Muster rolls for the other two regiments for early 1782 are proxies for the September 1781 rolls. The musters, service records and attestation papers of the German and Swiss Legions are in WO 15, searchable by regiment in our catalogue. They surprised the British in a siege that turned the tide toward an American victory in the War for Independence. The superb work of the French gunners at Yorktown deserves an account of its own. Fix Bayonets: The Revolutions Climactic Assault at Yorktown, The Southern Theater of the American Revolution, Baumans Plan of the Investment of York and Gloucester, Yorktown | Assaults on Redoubts 9 and 10 | Oct 14, 1781. The Siege of Yorktown began subsequent to the movement of about fifty thousand American and French soldiers and sailors to eastern Virginia, twenty-eight thousand sailors and marines in the French blockade fleet and twenty-two thousand American and French soldiers surrounding the British Army on land. [19], Following the surrender of Cornwallis, Knox released the Virginia State Regiment, Delaware Regiment, and Virginia militia to go their separate ways. The Childers reforms of 1881 (a process which began with the Cardwell reforms of the 1870s) led to major changes within infantry (foot) regiments: The arrangement of WO 16 reflects the re-organisation of the army following the Cardwell-Childers reforms. Access to Military Service and Pension Records. William Feltman (Philadelphia: Historical Society of Pennsylvania, 1853), 18; Diary of Captain James Duncan, of Colonel Moses Hazens Regiment in the Yorktown Campaign, 1781, Pennsylvania Archives, Second Series (Harrisburg: E.K. Assault upon Quebec, Dec. 31, 1775. . 19, 1781 Thomas Pattens small company of artificers that supported the artillerymen. During the siege Carrington apparently also commanded the detachments of the 1st and 3rd Continental Artillery Regiments. As the work on the parallels continues, the British attempt to disrupt Allied operations by using what little artillery they have left. October 11. . Donations to the Trust are tax deductible to the full extent allowable under the law. There are some difficulties in using WO 16, caused by the re-organisation of the Army in 1881. [7], The original commander of the 4th Continental Artillery Regiment, Col. Thomas Proctor, had resigned in April so Knox appointed as his replacement the 1st Regiments Lieutenant Colonel Carrington, then serving as Deputy Quartermaster General for Maj. Gen. Nathanael Greenes Army. Benj. Harrisons second-in-command was the versatile and capable Lt. Col. Edward Carrington. Use the arrows at the bottom of the tour to navigate between scenes and click the tour points to learn more about the battlefield. Fredk. Ebenezer Denny, Military Diary of Major Ebenezer Denny (Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1859), 45, reported vast heaps of shot and shells lying about in every quarter, which came from our works which is not surprising for shot since the American gunners sent a total of 3,312 rounds into the town. The American Battlefield Trust and our members have saved more than 56,000 acres in 25 states! The new line is in place by the morning of October 12. Brown, The American Campaigns of Rochambeaus Army 1780, 1781, 1782, 1783 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1972), 1:33; Claude C. Sturgill, ed., Rochambeaus Memoire de la Guerre en Amerique, The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography 78 (Jan. 1970): 61; Marquis de Chastellux, Travels in North America, in the Years 1780, 1781, and 1782 (London: G.G. British Half Pay in 1784. . Private Regimental musters, from the early 18th century onwards, were taken every month or quarter (frequency varied over the years) for pay and accounting purposes. Another British victory, in the Battle of Camden, followed in August 1780. Portions of these and perhaps other companies, serving under Captain Coleman, reported to General Knox when he arrived in Williamsburg in September. 2nd New Jersey Regiment (aka The Western Battalion) . The American portion of that artillery force consisted of fewer than 400 gunners of the Continental artillery. Aerial Assortments. The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Ludwig The field officer of the batteries provided a daily written report to Knox of ammunition used at each artillery position, furnishing a useful picture today of the American gunners activity. 1783 Army List. The other five captains were present during the siege. [1], Gen. George Washingtons determination of units from the American Army in New York that would march to Yorktown in August 1781 included only one artillery regiment, the 2nd Continental Artillery Regiment. Aerial. Washington's Officers at Valley Forge. On the morning of October 19, the British sent forward a red-coated drummer boy, followed by an officer waving a white handkerchief to the parapet. There were casualties in equipment also: two 18-pounders burst; one 10-inch mortar was disabled; and one howitzer was dismounted. Muster rolls and pay lists contain soldiers: From 1868 to 1883 there may be quarterly lists which contain details of men becoming non-effective. Record types contained in this collection include: Muster rolls Payrolls Strength returns Misc., personnel, pay, and supply records of American Army units Note that "F" is for Fredericksburg Lancaster 24 April 1782 Muster Roll of the Detached Corps under Charge of Lt. DeBeck ,New York Volunteers Capt. Oct . Regiments at Valley Forge. It is important to view the image of the original record as additional information about the individual will likely be listed. Lancaster 24 April 1782 Specifying only 160 militiamen suggests that Knox had determined he needed a total of 420 auxiliaries, since there were plenty of militiamen available to him at Yorktown. sick at F Therefore, not all individuals who served in the Revolutionary War will be found in this database. See an An Overview of Records at the National Archives Relating to Military . William Stevens provided support to the infantry by advancing six 3-pounders, though the attackers were successful without that support. Militia, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Regimental histories, Pennsylvania -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Sources, United States -- History Revolution, 1775-1783 Registers Publisher Private Dec. 6, 1781 But the world truly changes that day as the military operations of the War for Independence cease. 19, 1781 Lambs second-in-command was Lt. Col. Ebenezer Stevens and for the southern campaign Knox augmented the regiments staff with Maj. Sebastian Bauman, then commanding the artillery at West Point. This time, France obliged requests for assistance by sending over some of its elite troops to help Washingtons patriots. The men detailed for service in the batteries formed each day at 11 A.M. before marching to their assigned battery or redoubt for a twenty-four-hour tour of duty beginning at noon. The outcome in Yorktown, Virginia marked the conclusion of the last major battle of the American Revolution and the start of a new nation's independence. York Cowpens, in its part in the Revolution, was a surprising victory and a turning point that changed the psychology of the entire war. Private Yorktown Virtual Tour. Olive Tree Genealogy was chosen by Family Tree Magazine as one of the 101 Best Genealogy Websites 2017! To browse this image set, select from the options below. Within each category the records are arranged as follows: U.S., Sons of the American Revolution Membership Applications, 1889-1970, U.S., Revolutionary War Pension and Bounty-Land Warrant Application Files, 1800-1900, Provided in association with National Archives and Records Administration. Gen. Anthony Wayne, February 26 and April 8, 1781, and Wayne to Washington, May 26 and July 8, 1781, Founders Online website, accessed January 12, 2017; A General Return of the American Artillery & Stores Appropriated Thereto with the Army in Virginia Sept 22 1781, GLC02437.01187, GLI; George W. Kyte, General Wayne Marches South, 1781, Pennsylvania History: A Journal of Mid-Atlantic Studies 30 (1963): 305-307; Berg, Encyclopedia of Continental Army Units, 26; Orderly Book of the Siege of Yorktown (Philadelphia: Horace W. Smith, 1865), 35-36; Frances B. Heitman, Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army During the War of the Revolution (Washington: W.H. General Knox ordered Colonel Lamb to take charge of transporting the artillery and supplies, including captured pieces, to Philadelphia and the 2nd Continental Artillery accompanied the guns there before going into winter quarters at Burlington, New Jersey. British general Charles Lord Cornwallis dispatched Major Patrick Ferguson to North Carolina in early September 1780. [10], In comparison to the resources available to Knox, the French Army at Yorktown included 600 artillerymen under the command of fifty-one-year-old Lt. Col. Francois Marie dAboville to manage their installation of perhaps thirty-eight guns. Sick at F Outnumbered and outfought during a three-week siege in which they sustained great losses, British troops surrendered to the Continental Army and their French allies. Mustor (muster) books and pay lists: General series: Cavalry (Swift, 1984), Amanda Bevan, Tracing your Ancestors in the The National Archives (The National Archives, 2006), J Gibson and M Medlycott, Militia lists and musters, 1757-1876: a directory of holdings in the British Isles (Federation of Family History Societies, 2004), William Spencer, Army Records: A guide for family historians (The National Archives, 2008), William Spencer, Records of the Militia and Volunteer Forces 1757-1945 (Public Record Office, 1997), For quick pointersTuesday to Saturday Stevens, GLC02437.01228, GLI. It is a stunning victory with the Americans sustaining only 34 casualties. [15], Daily details for the batteries totaled between 120 and 200 officers and men during the first five days of the siege, reflecting the fact that the Americans probably had a maximum of twenty pieces of ordnance mounted during that period. At that point, Hamilton and his men rallied from their trenches and sprinted across a quarter-mile of field with fixed bayonets. 9, while Hamiltons men were assigned No. The whole operation had consumed fewer than ten minutes., READ MORE:How Alexander Hamilton's Men Surprised the Enemy at the Battle of Yorktown. Your email address will not be published. In Calculation of Artillery & for operation, GLC02437.9947, GLI, Knox speculated the French could furnish a total of twenty-eight pieces. [5] William W. Reynolds, Virginia State and Continental Regiments at the Siege of Yorktown, Military Collector & Historian 68 (2016): 347. 19, 1781 Sick at F They provide a soldiers: From about 1868 musters may also include Marriage Rolls giving details of children and wives occupying married quarters. research. Hockman Analysis of the Muster Rolls. This muster roll is from 1782 a year after the Battle of Yorktown Virginia. This muster roll is from 1782 a year after the Battle of Yorktown Virginia. The war with Britain had reached a stalemate. [9] Monthly Return of the Corps of Artillery-October 1st 1781, GLC02437.10495, GLI. Nov. 7, 1781 19, 1781 Every purchase supports the mission. Althause's Company of New York Volunteers Michael Rayen Early in the siege a typical detail from the 2nd Regiment numbered fourteen, to which were added men from the other artillery regiments as well as the three auxiliary units. Surrounded by enemy fire, and blocked from receiving aid by the French fleet that had arrived in Chesapeake Bay, Cornwallis was trapped. Although it takes the Americans two more years of skillful diplomacy to formally secure their independence through the Treaty of Paris, the war is won with the British defeat at Yorktown. It was obvious that the Americans needed a big victory if they were to convince the peace conference in Europe that they had a right to demand independence for all thirteen colonies, writes Thomas Fleming in his book,Yorktown. [20] Reynolds, Virginia State and Continental Regiments, 346-347; Christopher L. Ward, The Delaware Continentals 1776-1783 (Cranbury, NJ: The Scholars Bookshelf, 2005), 473; David Cobb, Diary of General David Cobb, Proceedings of the Massachusetts Historical Society 19 (1881-1882): 70; Sims, Military Career of John Lamb, 210-212; Gen. Knox to Col. Lamb, November 2, 1781, GLC02437.01280, GLI. Aerial. The 450 officers and 5,300 men of Rochambeaus Expeditionary Forces landed off the coast of Rhode Island in July 1780. . [16], Although Knoxs gunners were primarily engaged managing siege weapons, they had also brought field artillery to Yorktown. Box 210 Yorktown, VA 23690 Phone: 757 898-2410 Contact Us Cornwallis has thrown up a series of redoubts on the outskirts of Yorktown while the majority of his men hunker down in the town. This database contains U.S. Navy muster rolls and associated reports of changes for U.S. Navy enlisted personnel who served on U.S. Navy ships or in other naval activities between 31 January 1938 and 31 December 1949. During the Crimean War, men were recruited abroad to form the British German Legion, the British Italian Legion, and the British Swiss Legion. PA Revolutionary War Records from Archives. Capture a web page as it appears now for use as a trusted citation in the future. The 3rd Regiment had been raised primarily in Massachusetts. Starting at the historic Surrender Field, the course is mostly flat with a some . Over 33 million records are contained in this database.
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